EVPN-VXLAN 数据中心中的 BGP 未编号 IPv6 底层网络
本指南演示如何部署和验证 BGP 未编号对等互连(也称为 BGP 自动发现或 BGP 自动对等互连)。此功能允许 BGP 使用直接连接的邻接方的本地链路 IPv6 地址自动发现和创建对等邻接方会话。
概述
如今,许多企业和超大规模数据中心都使用 BGP 作为底层路由协议。与 OSPF 和 IS-IS 等传统 IGP 不同,BGP 通常要求您显式配置对等、自治系统 (AS) 编号和路由策略来控制路由交换。
许多运营商对 IPv6 的经验仍然相对不足。使用 BGP 无编号对等可动态发现 IPv6 邻接方,可减轻在 EVPN-VXLAN 数据中心 (DC) 交换矩阵中手动配置 IPv6 底层网络的负担。Junos OS 通过支持 BGP 组配置,基于基本 IPv6 功能进行构建。BGP 组配置支持用于支持未编号 IPv6 交换矩阵的动态对等参数(例如允许的远程 AS 编号)。
您可以手动配置 EVPN-VXLAN DC 交换矩阵,也可以使用 BGP 未编号对等互连功能来配置。此用例描述了手动配置交换矩阵的复杂性,以及为什么使用 BGP 未编号对等连接功能可提供更简单的解决方案。
考虑一个简单的两层数据中心。这种尺寸适中的交换矩阵由四个主干设备和 32 个叶设备组成。每个主干设备有 32 个连接到叶设备的链路,每个叶有两个交换矩阵链路,每个主干设备一个。
在此手册配置中,您首先需要为网络分配 IP 地址。对于此交换矩阵,您需要配置 4*32=128 个 IPv6 IP 地址。每个网络需要分配两个主机地址。
接下来,配置 BGP 对等方及其关联的 AS 编号。对于每个交换矩阵链路的每一端,您需要一个 BGP 对等会话。在我们的示例交换矩阵中,此计算总共相当于 4*32*2=256 个 BGP 对等体定义,每个定义都需要一个唯一的对等 IP 和远程 AS 编号。
手动定义 256 个 BGP 对等节点可能很麻烦,而且容易出错。在复杂的交换矩阵中,简单的配置错误可能难以隔离。假设交换矩阵支持 128 个叶设备。您现在必须配置 4*128=512 IP IPv6 网络。从数学计算中可以明显看出,手动配置大型交换矩阵的复杂性很快就会成为一种负担。此外,对于 IPv4 交换矩阵,一个经常被忽视的因素是底层网络占用大量的 IPv4 地址。在许多网络中,IPv4 寻址空间都十分宝贵。
相比之下,BGP 未编号对等连接不需要在底层链路上进行可路由的 IP 网络分配。底层网络中的所有 BGP 对等互连仅使用链路本地 IP 地址。使用链路本地 IP 地址意味着配置更少、复杂性更低、路由表更小,同时 IP 地址得以保留。
配置 BGP 无编号 EVPN 交换矩阵
配置 BGP 未编号对等连接时,您只需要最少数量的配置语句。这些配置语句用于快速引导基于 IPv6 的底层网络。此底层支持 EVPN-VXLAN 叠加。虽然底层网络使用本机 IPv6,但它也支持具有 IPv6 下一跃点 (RFC5549) 的 IPv4 路由。换言之,底层网络在 EVPN-VXLAN 叠加网络中同时支持 IPv4 和 IPv6 工作负载及其相关虚拟网络。有关 IPv6 无状态自动配置的完整讨论超出了本文档的讨论范围。
以下列表重点介绍了 BGP 无编号对等连接的主要功能:
- 在所有支持 IPv6 的接口上自动配置无状态链路本地 IPv6 地址。
- 支持允许的 AS 编号列表,以简化与远程交换矩阵设备的对等互连。
- 使用 IPv6 路由器通告 (RA),动态发现直连邻接方。
- 使用 IPv6 邻接方发现将邻接方的本地链路 IP 解析为相应的 MAC 地址,以促进链路级通信。
- 本地端使用发现的对等方链路本地和 MAC 地址向直接连接的邻接方发送 BGP 开放消息。此打开消息包含本地对等方的 AS 编号。远程对等方会将其与其允许的 AS 编号列表进行匹配,以决定是否允许会话。同样,本地对等方与远程对等方的 AS 编号匹配,如远程对等方的打开消息中返回的那样。
- 为您提供一个简单的 BGP 策略,用于播发所有直连网络(至少必须播发每个交换矩阵设备的环路地址)。
- 使用默认 EBGP 策略重新播发从其他交换矩阵设备获知的路由。
- 使用 BGP AS 路径长度来防止环路,并为 ECMP 负载平衡提供最佳路由选择。
- 简化了添加 EVPN-VXLAN 叠加网络的过程,因为底层提供环路可达性。
BGP 未编号对等互连仅支持 EBGP。不支持多跃点 EBGP 和 IBGP。
拓扑结构
下图显示了一个简单的双主干和双叶拓扑。
-
交换矩阵底层是纯 IPv6,包括设备环路。
-
连接的服务器基于 IPv4,演示了对 IPv4 over IPv6 的支持(请参阅 RFC 5549)。叠加还支持 IPv6 工作负载。假设这些服务器是裸机服务器 (BMS),并预配置了显示的 IP 地址。VLAN 成员资格用于将这些工作负载映射到通过 VXLAN 封装隔离的叠加虚拟网络中。此示例中的接入接口未标记。
-
添加叠加时,您希望在服务器工作负载之间具有路由连接。叠加可以是 CRB 或 ERB。BGP 未编号的底层基础架构支持任一类型的叠加。
分步配置
分步:枝叶 1
-
在所有交换矩阵接口上启用该
inet6系列。这些交换矩阵接口将叶 1 连接到主干设备。该inet6系列支持 IPv6、无状态自动配置和邻居发现。要支持 IPv4 工作负载,还必须添加家族。inetset interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet
-
创建环路接口 lo0 并配置 IPv6 地址。添加 EVPN-VXLAN 叠加网络时,环路地址用于支持 BGP 对等互连。
set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:100::3/128
-
配置一个策略,指定要允许动态 BGP 对等互连的 BGP AS 编号列表。
set policy-options as-list a-list members [65000-65100]
-
配置按数据包的负载平衡策略。负载平衡策略允许在转发表中安装多个等价下一跃点,以便在发生链路故障时提供快速故障切换到备用等价交换矩阵跃点。
set policy-options policy-statement load-balancing-policy then load-balance per-packet
-
将每个数据包的负载平衡策略应用到转发表。
set routing-options forwarding-table export load-balancing-policy
-
配置策略以播发直接路由。由于不会导出链路本地子网,因此在此示例中,此策略仅播发环路地址。稍后在叠加中配置 BGP 对等互连时,将使用此相同的环路地址。
set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept
-
配置路由器 ID (RID)。由于此示例适用于本机 IPv6 交换矩阵,因此您必须确保配置包含 IPv4 格式的路由器 ID。大多数情况下,RID 会自动从环路地址派生,但在此示例中,环路仅为 IPv6。
set routing-options router-id 10.0.0.4
-
为每个交换矩阵接口配置路由器通告(注册机关)。启用注册机关后,接口会定期发送注册机关消息。注册机关消息用于发现远程邻接方的链路本地 IP,进而启动邻接方发现和其余的动态对等进程。
set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/1
-
配置 BGP 组以支持无编号对等互连。我们将此策略应用于导出直接路由的组。您必须将所有交换矩阵接口都包括在此组中,并且必须在层次结构下
[protocols bgp group <group-name> dynamic-neighbor <neighbor-group-name>]启用接口peer-auto-discovery。此组链接到定义动态对等连接允许的 AS 编号的策略。您可以通过多个路径和多个 AS 编号启用负载平衡。请记住,在此交换矩阵中,每个节点都使用唯一的 AS 编号。到多个 AS 编号的多路径负载平衡 (ECMP) 允许 RIB 安装指向这些不同 AS 编号的多个下一跃点,从而实现快速故障切换。添加对扩展 IPv4 下一跃点的支持,允许通过 IPv6 BGP 会话进行 IPv4 路由交换。
set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group auto-disc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group auto-disc local-as 65003 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group auto-disc multipath multiple-as
结果
回想一下,所有交换矩阵设备都有类似的配置。为简洁起见,仅显示叶 1 的配置增量。
user@leaf-1> show configuration
system {
host-name leaf1;
}
interfaces {
xe-0/0/0 {
unit 0 {
family inet;
family inet6;
}
}
xe-0/0/1 {
unit 0 {
family inet;
family inet6;
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:100::3/128;
}
}
}
}
policy-options {
policy-statement DIRECT-RTS {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
policy-statement load-balancing-policy {
then load-ballance per-packet;
}
as-list a-list members 65000-65100;
}
routing-options {
router-id 10.0.0.3;
forwarding-table {
export load-balancing-policy;
}
}
protocols {
router-advertisement {
interface xe-0/0/0.0;
interface xe-0/0/1.0;
}
bgp {
group auto-disc {
family inet6 {
unicast;
}
family inet {
unicast {
extended-nexthop;
}
}
export DIRECT-RTS;
local-as 65003;
multipath;
dynamic-neighbor FABRIC {
peer-auto-discovery {
family inet6 {
ipv6-nd;
}
interface xe-0/0/0.0;
interface xe-0/0/1.0;
}
}
peer-as-list a-list;
}
}
}
快速配置
为了帮助您快速启动和运行,我们为您提供了拓扑中每个节点的快速配置。根据环境的具体情况复制和编辑以下命令(您通常不会完全按照此处所示使用这些命令)。将修改后的命令粘贴到相关交换矩阵设备的终端窗口中。您必须在以下 [edit] 层次结构中处于配置模式:
枝叶 1 的快速配置:
set system host-name leaf1 set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:100::3/128 set policy-options as-list a-list members [65000-65100] set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement load-balancing-policy then load-balance per-packet set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group auto-disc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group auto-disc local-as 65003 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group auto-disc multipath multiple-as set routing-options forwarding-table export load-balancing-policy set routing-options router-id 10.0.0.3
枝叶 2 的快速配置:
set system host-name leaf2 set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:100::4/128 set policy-options as-list a-list members [65000-65100] set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement load-balancing-policy then load-balance per-packet set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group auto-disc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group auto-disc local-as 65004 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group auto-disc multipath multiple-as set routing-options forwarding-table export load-balancing-policy set routing-options router-id 10.0.0.4
主干 1 的快速配置:
set system host-name spine1 set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:100::1/128 set policy-options as-list a-list members [65000-65100] set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement load-balancing-policy then load-balance per-packet set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group auto-disc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group auto-disc local-as 65001 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group auto-disc multipath multiple-as set routing-options forwarding-table export load-balancing-policy set routing-options router-id 10.0.0.1
主干 2 的快速配置:
set system host-name spine2 set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet set interfaces xe-0/0/0 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces xe-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:100::2/128 set policy-options as-list a-list members [65000-65100] set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement load-balancing-policy then load-balance per-packet set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols router-advertisement interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group auto-disc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group auto-disc local-as 65002 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/0 set protocols bgp group auto-disc dynamic-neighbor FABRIC peer-auto-discovery interface xe-0/0/1 set protocols bgp group auto-disc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group auto-disc multipath multiple-as set routing-options forwarding-table export load-balancing-policy set routing-options router-id 10.0.0.2
请务必在所有设备上提交配置更改。
验证
使用这些命令和示例输出来确认未编号底层的正确运行。所有节点的配置和操作都类似。下面我们仅显示叶 1 的命令和输出。相同的命令适用于所有节点,并且所有设备都应获得类似的输出。
总体而言,主要验证任务是确认所有节点都已使用链路本地地址建立预期的 BGP 会话,以及交换矩阵设备是否正确交换环路路由。我们采用结构化的自下而上的方法,确认成功建立 BGP 会话所需的每个方面。
确认交换矩阵接口已开启且可运行。
user@leaf1> show interfaces xe-0/0/0Physical interface: xe-0/0/0, Enabled, Physical link is Up
Interface index: 650, SNMP ifIndex: 516
Link-level type: Ethernet, MTU: 1514, LAN-PHY mode, Speed: 10Gbps, Duplex: Full-Duplex, BPDU Error: None,
Loop Detect PDU Error: None, Ethernet-Switching Error: None, MAC-REWRITE Error: None, Loopback: Disabled,
Source filtering: Disabled, Flow control: Disabled, Media type: Fiber
Device flags : Present Running
Interface flags: SNMP-Traps Internal: 0x4000
Link flags : None
CoS queues : 8 supported, 8 maximum usable queues
Current address: 02:05:86:24:88:03, Hardware address: 02:05:86:24:88:03
Last flapped : 2022-03-14 10:56:00 PDT (6d 23:47 ago)
Input rate : 0 bps (0 pps)
Output rate : 0 bps (0 pps)
Active alarms : None
Active defects : None
PCS statistics Seconds
Bit errors 0
Errored blocks 0
Ethernet FEC statistics Errors
FEC Corrected Errors 0
FEC Uncorrected Errors 0
FEC Corrected Errors Rate 0
FEC Uncorrected Errors Rate 0
Interface transmit statistics: Disabled
Logical interface xe-0/0/0.0 (Index 555) (SNMP ifIndex 540)
Flags: Up SNMP-Traps 0x4004000 Encapsulation: ENET2
Input packets : 47384
Output packets: 48579
Protocol inet, MTU: 1500
Max nh cache: 75000, New hold nh limit: 75000, Curr nh cnt: 0, Curr new hold cnt: 0, NH drop cnt: 0
Flags: Sendbcast-pkt-to-re
Protocol inet6, MTU: 1500
Max nh cache: 75000, New hold nh limit: 75000, Curr nh cnt: 1, Curr new hold cnt: 0, NH drop cnt: 0
Flags: Is-Primary
Addresses, Flags: Is-Preferred
Destination: fe80::/64, Local: fe80::205:86ff:fe24:8803
user@leaf1> show interfaces terse
Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote
gr-0/0/0 up up
pfe-0/0/0 up up
pfe-0/0/0.16383 up up inet
inet6
pfh-0/0/0 up up
pfh-0/0/0.16383 up up inet
pfh-0/0/0.16384 up up inet
xe-0/0/0.0 up up inet
inet6 fe80::205:86ff:fe24:8803/64
xe-0/0/1 up up
xe-0/0/1.0 up up inet
inet6 fe80::205:86ff:fe24:8807/64
xe-0/0/2 up up
xe-0/0/2.16386 up up
. . .
jsrv up up
jsrv.1 up up inet 128.0.0.127/2
lo0 up up
lo0.0 up up inet
inet6 2001:db8:100::3
fe80::205:860f:fcc1:6f00
lo0.16385 up up inet
lsi up up
mtun up up
pimd up up
pime up up
pip0 up up
tap up up
vme up down
vtep up up
输出显示叶 1 的交换矩阵接口可以正常工作。还可以看到缺少显式 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址。接口上仅配置了 和 inet inet6 族。因此,作为 IPv6 无状态地址配置的一部分,仅存在 IPv6 链路本地 IPv6 地址。我们还注意到,环路地址具有预期的 IPv6 地址分配。
CLI 命令的 show interfaces terse 输出可以轻松验证所有接口的状态和配置,包括环路地址。
确认所有交换矩阵接口都在发送和接收 IPv6 路由器通告 (RA)。
user@leaf1> show ipv6 router-advertisement
Interface: xe-0/0/0.0
Advertisements sent: 1512, last sent 00:01:05 ago
Solicits sent: 1, last sent 6d 23:49:07 ago
Solicits received: 3, last received 4d 18:18:57 ago
Advertisements received: 503
Solicited router advertisement unicast: Disable
IPv6 RA Preference: DEFAULT/MEDIUM
Advertisement from fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03, heard 4d 18:15:17 ago
Managed: 0
Other configuration: 0
Reachable time: 0 ms
Default lifetime: 0 sec
Retransmit timer: 0 ms
Current hop limit: 64
Interface: xe-0/0/1.0
Advertisements sent: 1523, last sent 00:02:05 ago
Solicits sent: 1, last sent 6d 23:49:07 ago
Solicits received: 0
Advertisements received: 1515
Solicited router advertisement unicast: Disable
IPv6 RA Preference: DEFAULT/MEDIUM
Advertisement from fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503, heard 00:03:47 ago
Managed: 0
Other configuration: 0
Reachable time: 0 ms
Default lifetime: 1800 sec
Retransmit timer: 0 ms
Current hop limit: 64
输出确认叶 1 正在向两个主干设备发送和接收 RA。RA 会正确报告发送端的链路本地地址。
确认交换矩阵设备已使用 IPv6 ND 学习了所有直连 IPv6 邻接方的 MAC 到链路本地地址绑定。
user@leaf1> show ipv6 neighbors IPv6 Address Linklayer Address State Exp Rtr Secure Interface fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 02:05:86:0c:dd:03 reachable 19 yes no xe-0/0/0.0 fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 02:05:86:c6:b5:03 reachable 34 yes no xe-0/0/1.0 Total entries: 2
输出确认叶 1 已成功将 MAC 解析为其两个邻接方(即两个主干设备)的链路本地地址。
确认您可以使用邻接方的本地链路地址对其 ping 命令。
user@leaf1> ping fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 interface xe-0/0/0 PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) fe80::205:86ff:fec1:6f03 --> fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 16 bytes from fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03, icmp_seq=0 hlim=64 time=117.229 ms 16 bytes from fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03, icmp_seq=1 hlim=64 time=114.074 ms ^C --- fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 ping6 statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 114.074/115.651/117.229/1.577 ms
从枝叶 1 到主干 1 的 ping 成功。此结果使用链路本地地址确认 IPv6 连接。
确认所有交换矩阵设备都已与直接连接的邻接方建立 BGP 对等会话。
user@leaf1> show bgp summary
Threading mode: BGP I/O
Default eBGP mode: advertise - accept, receive - accept
Groups: 1 Peers: 2 Down peers: 0
Auto-discovered peers: 2
Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending
inet6.0
4 4 0 0 0 0
Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03%xe-0/0/0.0 65001 6 5 0 1 50 Establ
inet6.0: 2/2/2/0
fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503%xe-0/0/1.0 65002 6 6 0 1 51 Establ
inet6.0: 2/2/2/0
正如预期一样,输出显示叶 1 设备已建立两个 BGP 会话。显示屏将确认已交换 IPv6 路由。我们稍后会在确认中提供更多内容。如果需要,请显示有关 BGP 邻接方的详细信息:
user@leaf1> show bgp neighbor
Peer: fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03%xe-0/0/0.0+56258 AS 65001 Local: fe80::205:86ff:fec1:6f03%xe-0/0/0.0+179 AS 65003
Group: auto-disc Routing-Instance: master
Forwarding routing-instance: master
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync PeerAsList AutoDiscoveredNdp>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Export: [ DIRECT-RTS ]
Options: <AddressFamily Multipath LocalAS Refresh>
Options: <MultipathAs>
Options: <GracefulShutdownRcv>
Address families configured: inet6-unicast
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Graceful Shutdown Receiver local-preference: 0
Local AS: 65003 Local System AS: 0
Number of flaps: 1
Last flap event: TransportError
Peer ID: 10.0.0.1 Local ID: 10.0.0.3 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Group index: 0 Peer index: 1 SNMP index: 2
I/O Session Thread: bgpio-0 State: Enabled
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: xe-0/0/0.0
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet6-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Peer does not support Restarter functionality
Restart flag received from the peer: Notification
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet6-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet6-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet6-unicast
Peer does not support LLGR Restarter functionality
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 65001)
Peer does not support Addpath
NLRI(s) enabled for color nexthop resolution: inet6-unicast
Table inet6.0 Bit: 20000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 2
Received prefixes: 2
Accepted prefixes: 2
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 2
Last traffic (seconds): Received 1 Sent 27 Checked 56
Input messages: Total 7 Updates 3 Refreshes 0 Octets 342
Output messages: Total 5 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 260
Output Queue[1]: 0 (inet6.0, inet6-unicast)
. . .
确认所有节点都在播发其环路地址,同时学习其他节点的环路地址。
user@leaf1> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 8 destinations, 8 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
inet6.0: 8 destinations, 11 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
2001:db8:100::1/128*[BGP/170] 00:33:43, localpref 100
AS path: 65001 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 via xe-0/0/0.0
[BGP/170] 00:33:46, localpref 100
AS path: 65002 65004 65001 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 via xe-0/0/1.0
2001:db8:100::2/128*[BGP/170] 00:33:46, localpref 100
AS path: 65002 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 via xe-0/0/1.0
[BGP/170] 00:33:43, localpref 100
AS path: 65001 65004 65002 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 via xe-0/0/0.0
2001:db8:100::4/128*[BGP/170] 00:33:46, localpref 100
AS path: 65002 65004 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 via xe-0/0/1.0
[BGP/170] 00:33:43, localpref 100
AS path: 65001 65004 I, validation-state: unverified
> to fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 via xe-0/0/0.0
正如预期一样,输出确认叶 1 已获知所有其他交换矩阵设备的环路地址。请注意,对于叶 2,它显示两条等价路径,一条路径通过主干 1,另一条路径通过主干 2。
如果需要,您可以通过显示向给定BGP邻接方播发或从给定邻接方接收的特定路由来帮助隔离路由问题。请注意,与对本地链路地址执行 ping 操作一样,您必须使用相应的出口接口来限定对等方的本地链路 IP:
user@leaf1> show route advertising-protocol bgp fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03%xe-0/0/0.0 inet6.0: 8 destinations, 10 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) Prefix Nexthop MED Lclpref AS path * 2001:db8:100::2/128 Self 65002 I * 2001:db8:100::3/128 Self I user@leaf1> show route receive-protocol bgp fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03%xe-0/0/0.0 inet.0: 8 destinations, 8 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) inet6.0: 8 destinations, 10 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) Prefix Nexthop MED Lclpref AS path * 2001:db8:100::1/128 fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 65001 I * 2001:db8:100::4/128 fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 65001 65004 I
确认交换矩阵支持 ECMP 负载平衡。显示有关叶 1 用于到达叶 2 的路径的详细信息。您需要有两条等价路由,一条通过每个主干设备。在以下部分中,您将在路由表和转发表(RIB 和 FIB)中确认 ECMP。
user@leaf1> show route 2001:db8:100::4 detail
inet6.0: 8 destinations, 11 routes (8 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
2001:db8:100::4/128 (2 entries, 1 announced)
*BGP Preference: 170/-101
Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 0
Address: 0xd057cc8
Next-hop reference count: 2
Source: fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03%xe-0/0/0.0
Next hop: fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03 via xe-0/0/0.0, selected
Session Id: 0
Next hop: fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 via xe-0/0/1.0
Session Id: 0
State: <Active Ext>
Peer AS: 65001
Age: 1:39:21
Validation State: unverified
Task: BGP_0_65003.fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03
Announcement bits (3): 0-KRT 1-BGP_Multi_Path 2-BGP_RT_Background
AS path: 65001 65004 I
Accepted Multipath
Localpref: 100
Router ID: 10.0.0.1
Thread: junos-main
BGP Preference: 170/-101
Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 1731
Address: 0xd22cc50
Next-hop reference count: 5
Source: fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503%xe-0/0/1.0
Next hop: fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503 via xe-0/0/1.0, selected
Session Id: 321
State: <Ext>
Inactive reason: Active preferred
Peer AS: 65002
Age: 1:39:21
Validation State: unverified
Task: BGP_0_65003.fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503
AS path: 65002 65004 I
Accepted MultipathContrib
Localpref: 100
Router ID: 10.0.0.2
Thread: junos-main
user@leaf1> show route forwarding-table destination 2001:db8:100::4
Routing table: default.inet6
Internet6:
Destination Type RtRef Next hop Type Index NhRef Netif
2001:db8:100::4/128 user 0 ulst 131070 2
fe80::205:86ff:fe0c:dd03
ucst 1730 6 xe-0/0/0.0
fe80::205:86ff:fec6:b503
ucst 1731 6 xe-0/0/1.0
输出确认,叶 1 和叶 2 之间的两条路径均用于转发流量,并且是多路径路由的一部分。
确认叶 1 和叶 2 已通过底层进行连接。
user@leaf1> traceroute no-resolve 2001:db8:100::4 traceroute6 to 2001:db8:100::4 (2001:db8:100::4) from 2001:db8:100::3, 64 hops max, 12 byte packets 1 2001:db8:100::1 220.185 ms 210.200 ms 203.652 ms 2 2001:db8:100::4 213.774 ms 246.773 ms 186.533 ms
输出确认叶 1 和叶 2 具有底层连接。路径显示此流量通过主干 1,如其环路地址所示为第一跃点。
此底层现已准备就绪,可支持您选择的 EVPN-VXLAN 叠加。有关可用叠加选项的详细信息,请参阅 了解使用 VXLAN 数据平面封装的 EVPN 。